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Title
AusAID - Gender Guidelines: Water Supply and Sanitation
Abstract
Promoting equal opportunities for women and men as participants and
beneficiaries of development is the goal of Australia's gender and development
policy.
WSS projects are increasingly demand-driven. Projects have to be responsive to
the articulated demands of users. If women play a minor role in community
decision-making, they may well be marginalised under a demand-driven approach
unless steps are taken to include them.
Addressing the different priorities of men and women in WSS activities improves
the quality and sustainability of WSS projects. For example:
Women's needs for water become more of a project focus. These needs are
often related to small-scale activities (gardening, small-scale livestock
production and domestic use) but they are vital for the household.
The design and siting of WSS facilities will better reflect the needs of both
women and men. For example, laundry facilities might be included and bathing
facilities might be sited in areas that offer greater privacy for both men's and
women's individual needs. The correct siting of sanitation facilities is
particularly important because toilet practices are often the subject of cultural
sensitivities that will usually differ between men and women.
The technology adopted is likely to better reflect women's needs. For
example, pour-flush toilets may not be preferred because they require
considerably more work for women in transporting water. Another example is
where hand-pump designs are selected on the basis that they are easier for
women and children to use.
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